Class 11 quiz

Class 11 Quiz

1.   This picture demonstrates the evolution of whale. 55 million years ago, Mesonychid was a mammal that lived on land. Its four limbs allowed it to walk. Ambulocetus evolved from Mesonychid. The structure of its head is flatter and its mouth was longer and sharper. The limbs of Ambulocetus adapted to amphibian environment that it was able to go to near land area yet still hunt in the water. The eyes of Ambulocetus were on the sides so that they can see better in the water. Rodhocetus evolved from Ambulocetus. The body structure of Rodhocetus was more streamlined, allowing it to swim in water. Its tail was divided into two parts to balance the body while swimming. The limbs changed to fins because fingers were not needed in water. Finally, Basilosaurus evolved from Rodhocetus. The structure of the body was more streamlined. All four of the fins grew smaller.

2.     E.

3.     Dragonfly, birds and bats are all able to fly. However, bats  is the only organism have finger structure in the wings. The limbs of birds are more stronger than bats and dragonfly because they need to stand on their feet. The neck of bird is long so it allows the bird to pick up its food from the ground. The long tail of dragonfly also allows it to balance its body

4.     The sequences of Cytochrome C of different organisms demonstrate the relationship between them. The fewer differences between two organisms, the more closer they are to the common ancestor because DNA mutations take place over time. The less time available for mutations to happen, the closer two organisms are to their more recent common ancestor. For example, there is only one difference in amino acid between human and Rhesus monkey.

5.     Homology shows two organisms have similar structures or genes which indicates that they share a common ancestor. For example, modern toothed whale and Rodhocetus have the same tail structures.