DNA Replication Enzymes

DNA Replication Enzymes

1.     Helicase: DNA helicases bind to ssDNA at the replication forks and move into the adjacent double stranded regions forcing the two strands apart and unwinding the helix. Helicases require ATP as an energy source

2

.     DNA Polymerase III: In prokaryotes, chain elongation is catalyzed by DNA Polymerase III on both strands. The high processivity of the polymerase is the result of the β-subunit of the polymerase acting as a sliding clamp on the DNA template. On the lagging strand, Pol III elongates until it encounters a RNA primer.

3

.     DNA Polymerase I: DNA repair and some replication. Highest concentration

4

.     RNA Primase: Replicates/synthesizes the start of a new strand, the primer. Uses RNA in a 3'-5' way

5. Ligase:    Supplies final phosphodiester bond that seals the new strands together.